Head gasket
(New page: Head gaskets provide the crucial seal between the engine block and the cylinder head. It seals all of the combustion chambers, and prevents coolant and engine oil from leaking into the cyl...) |
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| − | Head gaskets provide the | + | Head gaskets provide the critical seal between the engine block and the cylinder head. They seal all of the combustion chambers, and prevent coolant and engine oil from leaking into the cylinders. |
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==Different types of head gaskets== | ==Different types of head gaskets== | ||
| + | Copper and brass were originally used as head gaskets, followed by asbestos gaskets in the 1950's, and composite metal and impregnated fiber or graphite composites in the 1980's. In the 1990's the Mult-Layer-Steel gasket (MLS) came into widespread use. Most new engines today are designed with MLS gaskets. | ||
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| + | In MLS gaskets, multiple thin layers of cold-rolled steel are coated with a very thin layer of elastomeric material. The elastomer "micro-seals" the surface imperfections in the metal, and resists gases, oils, coolants, and high combustion temperatures. | ||
==Aluminum cylinder heads== | ==Aluminum cylinder heads== | ||
| − | Though aluminum is lighter than cast iron, it expands faster. This quicker cycle of expansion and contraction stresses head gaskets. | + | Though aluminum is lighter than cast iron, it expands faster. This quicker cycle of expansion and contraction stresses head gaskets. To handle this, a non-stick coating is often applied to the gasket, like Teflon or molybdenum. |
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| + | With iron heads, a product can be applied for the opposite effect. Silicone, Viton, or other fuoroelastomer sealants are applied to '''increase''' the pressure between the iron heads and the iron block. | ||
==Symptoms of a blown head gasket== | ==Symptoms of a blown head gasket== | ||
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*Oil in coolant. | *Oil in coolant. | ||
*Low cylinder pressure. | *Low cylinder pressure. | ||
| + | *Car misfires or runs rough at low speeds, due to antifreeze in the combustion chamber. '''(confirm)''' | ||
==Reasons why head gaskets fail== | ==Reasons why head gaskets fail== | ||
| + | *Overheating. | ||
| + | *Engine pre-ignition or detonation. | ||
*Some blocks are more prone to head gasket failure, because the bolt positioning applies uneven pressure | *Some blocks are more prone to head gasket failure, because the bolt positioning applies uneven pressure | ||
| − | == | + | ==When replacing a blown head gasket== |
| − | Check to make sure | + | *Check to make sure the heads and block are straight. If they're warped, you could easily end up with another blown head gasket. This can be done with a straight edge and a feeler gauge. This is also a good time to check for cracks. |
| + | *Prep the surface (more info on this). | ||
| + | *Chase the bolt and stud holes. Clean with compressed air. | ||
| + | *Pre-fit the head gasket. | ||
| + | *Don't use sealant unless the manufacturer explicitly specifies it. | ||
| + | *Follow specific torque settings and bolt-tightening sequence perfectly. | ||
==Suppliers of head gaskets== | ==Suppliers of head gaskets== | ||
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*[http://www.allpar.com/eek/headgasket.html Replacing Chrysler, Dodge, or Plymouth head gaskets] -- Allpar.com | *[http://www.allpar.com/eek/headgasket.html Replacing Chrysler, Dodge, or Plymouth head gaskets] -- Allpar.com | ||
*[http://www.partstrain.com/ShopByDepartment/Head_Gasket Head Gasket] -- Partstrain.com | *[http://www.partstrain.com/ShopByDepartment/Head_Gasket Head Gasket] -- Partstrain.com | ||
| + | *[http://www.dupontelastomers.com/Applications/Automotive/head.asp Head Gaskets] -- DuPontElastomers.com | ||
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